I said to you, 'He has done his duty.' বাক্যটির Indirect speech হবে-
ক) I said to you that you have done your duty.
খ) I said to you that he had done his duty.
গ) I told you that you had done your duty.
ঘ) I told you that he has done his duty.
বিস্তারিত ব্যাখ্যা:
এটি Assertive Sentence-এর Direct থেকে Indirect Speech রূপান্তর। Reporting verb 'said to' অপরিবর্তিত থাকতে পারে অথবা 'told' হতে পারে। Conjunction হিসেবে 'that' বসবে। Tense পরিবর্তন হবে (Present Perfect -> Past Perfect)। Pronoun 'he' (Third Person) অপরিবর্তিত থাকবে। সুতরাং, সঠিক উত্তর 'I said to you that he had done his duty'।
Related Questions
ক) He said that it was a great pity
খ) He exclaimed that it is a great pity
গ) He exclaimed that it was a great pity
ঘ) He exclaimed that it is great pity
Note : এটি Exclamatory Sentence-এর Direct থেকে Indirect Speech রূপান্তর। নিয়ম: Reporting verb 'said' পরিবর্তিত হয়ে 'exclaimed' হবে। Conjunction হিসেবে 'that' বসবে। 'What a...' যুক্ত বাক্যকে 'it is/was a great...' দিয়ে Assertive করা হয় এবং Tense পরিবর্তন হয়। সুতরাং, সঠিক উত্তর 'He exclaimed that it was a great pity'।
ক) I said to him that he was a doctor
খ) I said to him whether he is a doctor
গ) I asked him whether he is a doctor
ঘ) I asked him weather he was a doctor
Note : এটি Yes/No Question-এর Direct থেকে Indirect Speech রূপান্তর। নিয়ম: 'said to' পরিবর্তিত হয়ে 'asked' হবে। Conjunction হিসেবে 'if' বা 'whether' বসে। Tense পরিবর্তন হবে (is -> was)। 'weather' (আবহাওয়া) বানান ভুল, সঠিক বানান 'whether'। সুতরাং, সঠিক উত্তর 'I asked him whether he was a doctor'।
ক) She asked him what he wanted
খ) She asked him what he wants
গ) She asks him what he wants
ঘ) She wanted him
Note : এটি Interrogative Sentence-এর Direct থেকে Indirect Speech রূপান্তর। নিয়ম: Reporting verb 'asked' হবে। Conjunction হিসেবে 'what' বসবে। ভেতরের বাক্যটি Assertive হবে এবং Tense পরিবর্তন হবে (Present Indefinite -> Past Indefinite)। 'you' পরিবর্তিত হয়ে 'he' হবে। সুতরাং, সঠিক উত্তর 'She asked him what he wanted'।
ক) He is being gone ti open a shop
খ) A shop is being gone opened by him
গ) A shop will be opened by him
ঘ) A shop is going to be opened by him.
Note : 'Going to' যুক্ত বাক্যের passive করার নিয়ম হলো: Object + am/is/are + going to + be + V3 + by + Subject। এখানে Object হলো 'a shop'। সুতরাং, সঠিক উত্তর 'A shop is going to be opened by him'।
ক) I was looked after by me uncle
খ) I am looked after by my uncle
গ) Am being looked after by my uncle
ঘ) I am looking after by my uncle
Note : বাক্যটি Present Indefinite Tense-এ আছে। 'Look after' একটি phrasal verb। নিয়ম: Object (I) + am/is/are + V3 (looked after) + by + subject (my uncle)। সুতরাং, সঠিক উত্তর 'I am looked after by my uncle'।
ক) He laughed at l of his friends
খ) He was laughed at by all of his friends
গ) All his friends had laughed at him
ঘ) All his friends were laughed at him
Note : বাক্যটি Past Indefinite Tense-এ আছে। 'Laugh at' একটি phrasal verb, তাই 'at' prepositionটি verb-এর অংশ হিসেবে থেকে যাবে। নিয়ম: Object (He) + was/were + V3 (laughed at) + by + subject (all of his friends)। সুতরাং, সঠিক উত্তর 'He was laughed at by all of his friends'।
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