I said to you, "He has done his duty.” বাক্যটির Indirect speech হবে-
ক) I said to you that you have done your duty.
খ) I said to you that he had done his duty.
গ) I told you that you had done your duty.
ঘ) I told you that he has done his duty.
বিস্তারিত ব্যাখ্যা:
I said to you 'He has done his duty.' এটি Direct Speech এর Assertive Sentence। Indirect Speech এ 'said to' অপরিবর্তিত থাকতে পারে অথবা 'told' এ পরিবর্তিত হতে পারে যদি object থাকে। Reported speech এর Present Perfect Tense (has done) Past Perfect Tense (had done) এ পরিবর্তিত হবে। Third person pronoun (He) অপরিবর্তিত থাকবে। তাই সঠিক Indirect speech হলো "I said to you that he had done his duty"।
Related Questions
ক) He said that it was a great pity
খ) He exclaimed that it is a great pity
গ) He exclaimed that it was a great pity
ঘ) He exclaimed that it is great pity
Note : He said 'What a pity!' এটি Direct Speech এর Exclamatory Sentence। Indirect Speech এ 'said' 'exclaimed' এ পরিবর্তিত হয় এবং 'what a pity' এর জন্য 'that it was a great pity' ব্যবহৃত হয়। Reported speech এর Tense Past Indefinite এ পরিবর্তিত হবে। তাই সঠিক Indirect speech হলো "He exclaimed that it was a great pity"।
ক) I said to him that he was a doctor
খ) I said to him whether he is a doctor
গ) I asked him whether he is a doctor
ঘ) I asked him weather he was a doctor
Note : I said to him 'Is he a doctor?' এটি Direct Speech এর Interrogative Sentence (Yes/No Question)। Indirect Speech এ 'said to' 'asked' এ পরিবর্তিত হবে এবং 'whether' বা 'if' ব্যবহৃত হবে। Reported speech এর Tense Past Indefinite এ পরিবর্তিত হবে। তাই সঠিক Indirect speech হলো "I asked him whether he was a doctor"।
ক) I was looked after by me uncle
খ) I am looked after by my uncle
গ) Am being looked after by my uncle
ঘ) I am looking after by my uncle
Note : My uncle looks after me বাক্যটি Present Indefinite Tense এর Active voice। Passive voice এ 'me' Subject হিসেবে 'I' হবে। 'looks after' একটি Phrasal verb যা Passive এ অপরিবর্তিত থাকে। Present Indefinite এর Passive গঠন Subject + am/is/are + V3 + by + agent। তাই সঠিক Passive voice হলো "I am looked after by my uncle"।
ক) He laughed at l of his friends
খ) He was laughed at by all of his friends
গ) All his friends had laughed at him
ঘ) All his friends were laughed at him
Note : All of his friends laughed at him বাক্যটি Past Indefinite Tense এর Active voice। Passive voice এ 'him' Subject হিসেবে 'he' হবে। 'laughed at' একটি Phrasal verb যা Passive এ অপরিবর্তিত থাকে। Past Indefinite এর Passive গঠন Subject + was/were + V3 + by + agent। তাই সঠিক Passive voice হলো "He was laughed at by all of his friends"।
ক) Is they know by you?
খ) Are they known to you?
গ) Are they known by you?
ঘ) Are they know with you?
Note : Do you know them? বাক্যটি Present Indefinite Tense এর Interrogative Active voice। Passive voice এ 'them' Subject হিসেবে 'they' হবে এবং 'know' এর Past Participle 'known'। 'know' verb এর সাথে Passive voice এ সাধারণত 'to' preposition বসে। তাই সঠিক Passive voice হলো "Are they known to you?"।
ক) We are pleased by him
খ) We were pleased with him
গ) We are pleased with him
ঘ) We will be pleased by him
Note : He pleases us বাক্যটি Present Indefinite Tense এর Active voice। Passive voice এ 'us' Subject হিসেবে 'we' হবে এবং 'pleases' এর Past Participle 'pleased'। তবে 'please' verb এর সাথে Passive voice এ সাধারণত 'with' preposition বসে। তাই "We are pleased with him" সঠিক Passive form।
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